Site Represents a site. Prim Media 424 Denomination Catholic Institutional nature Museum, Ecomuseum, Extended Museum, Territorial Museum, Cultural Center, Memory House, e-Museum, etc Building End Date 1560 Parish St Andrews and St Leonards Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St Mary’s On The Rock Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived sacredlandscapesoffife Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bess Rhodes Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 199 Type The nature or genre of the resource Site Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. current,56.339800114731084,-2.7850776276608196; Description An account of the resource The ruins of the medieval church of St Mary’s on the Rock (also called St Mary’s Kirkhill) stand on the cliffs looking out over the North Sea. This headland has been a place of importance since prehistoric times, and several Iron Age graves have been found in the area. More than three hundred early Christian burials have also been excavated near St Mary’s – suggesting that this was one of the oldest religious sites in St Andrews. By the twelfth century there was a Culdee church here. This then became a community of priests known as the College of St Mary on the Rock. It is thought that St Mary’s may be the first collegiate church in Scotland. During the late Middle Ages St Mary’s was a royal chapel, though it perhaps lost this status near the beginning of the sixteenth century (following the creation of the Chapel Royal at Stirling). At the Reformation St Mary’s was served by a provost and twelve prebends, a number which echoes Christ and his twelve disciples. When the St Andrews’ authorities adopted Protestantism some of the priests at St Mary’s joined the Reformed Church, but others resisted religious change. The clerics who resisted had property confiscated and faced prosecution. One of the St Mary’s priests who refused to join the Protestant congregation was Thomas Methven. When summoned before the Superintendent of Fife in August 1561 Methven apparently declared that he was ‘neither a Papist nor a Calvinist... but Jesus Christ’s man’. Methven’s comment did not endear him to St Andrews’ religious leaders and he was banished from the burgh. The buildings of St Mary’s on the Rock also suffered an unfortunate fate. The church was attacked in June 1559, and in 1561the college was declared ‘a profane house’. By the late sixteenth century the church had been demolished (although some of the domestic college buildings may still have been standing). The foundations of St Mary’s on the Rock were rediscovered in the nineteenth century and are now cared for by Historic Environment Scotland. Date Submitted Date of submission of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Submitted may be relevant are a thesis (submitted to a university department) or an article (submitted to a journal). 05/10/2021 References A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource. (1) Jonathan Wordsworth and Peter R. Clark, ‘Kirkhill’, in M.J. Rains and D.W. Hall, eds, Excavations in St Andrews: 1980-89 (Glenrothes, 1997), pp. 7-18. (2) Bess Rhodes, Riches and Reform: Ecclesiastical Wealth in St Andrews, c.1520-1580 (Leiden, 2019), pp. 178-179. (3) David Hay Fleming, ed., Register of the Minister, Elders and Deacons of the Christian Congregation of St Andrews, 1559-1600 (2 vols, Edinburgh, 1889-1890), pp. 76-77, 135-138. (4) Historic Environment Scotland, Canmore entry for ‘St Andrews, Kirk Hill, St Mary’s Church’: https://canmore.org.uk/site/34358/st-andrews-kirk-hill-st-marys-church. Extent The size or duration of the resource. cm x cm x cm Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Early Medieval Date Modified Date on which the resource was changed. 10/08/2023 09:57:53 am Europeana Specific elements of the Europeana Semantic Elements. Europeana Data Provider The name or identifier of the organisation that contributes data to Europeana. St Mary’s On The Rock Europeana Type The Europeana material type of the resource. TEXT