<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/373">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1679	Archbishop Sharp is Murdered]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Archbishop James Sharp was a divisive religious leader. Many Presbyterians felt that he had sold out the Church of Scotland by agreeing to become archbishop of St Andrews. Sharp rigorously enforced the religious changes imposed by Charles II and removed a number of his opponents from their posts in the Church. In 1679 Archbishop Sharp was murdered by a group of radical Presbyterians. He was set upon while travelling across Magus Muir in Fife. Sharp’s assassins dragged him from his carriage and killed him in front of his daughter.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1679]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[09/08/2021 12:21:05 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[179]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/372">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[An eighteenth-century drawing of the monument to Archbishop Sharp in Holy Trinity Church, St Andrews. A relief near the base of the monument shows the archbishop's murder. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/371">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1661	Charles II Overturns Religious Changes]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[In 1660 the English invited Charles II to return as king. Shortly afterwards Charles set about overturning the religious changes of the previous decades. In 1661 the Scottish Parliament passed the Rescissory Act which got rid of all the laws passed since 1633. This paved the way for Charles II to reintroduce bishops and support more elaborate forms of worship. The minister of Crail, James Sharp, was made archbishop of St Andrews. Meanwhile religious festivals such as Christmas, Easter, and St Andrew’s Day were once again celebrated. These changes were welcomed in some quarters but were opposed by many Fife residents.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1661]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:language><![CDATA[English]]></dcterms:language>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[178]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/370">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[An engraving of King Charles II by William Fairthorne. (Credit: National Galleries of Scotland)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/369">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1639 &ndash; 1660	Wars of the Three Kingdoms and Cromwell&rsquo;s Occupation of Scotland]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[In 1639 Scotland slipped into religious war. Supporters of the National Covenant (sometimes known as Covenanters) took up arms in defence of their beliefs. The response of Charles I to this crisis led to civil war across his three kingdoms – namely England, Ireland, and Scotland. For most of the 1640s the Scottish Parliament opposed the king. However, following Charles I’s execution in 1649, the Scottish government gave support to the Royalist side and backed the crowning of Charles II at Scone. This prompted the English Parliament and the military dictator Oliver Cromwell to invade Scotland. During the 1650s Fife was occupied by English forces. The invaders were resented and there were complaints that English soldiers did not behave properly in Fife churches. Despite these issues Presbyterian preaching and services continued in most places.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1639]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[09/08/2021 12:00:04 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[177]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/368">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[An early seventeenth-century house in Inverkeithing. In July 1651 there was a battle fought just to the south of Inverkeithing between English Parliamentarians and Scottish supporters of Charles II. (Credit: Open Virtual Worlds / University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/367">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1638	National Covenant]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The 1630s saw growing tensions about religion in Scotland. At this time King Charles I tried to bring the Church of Scotland more in line with English practices. Charles firmly supported the role of bishops and wanted more elaborate services. In 1637 a new prayer book was published for Scotland, partly based on the English Book of Common Prayer. This move was deeply disliked by many Scots. When Archbishop John Spottiswoode of St Andrews tried to impose the new prayer book it triggered riots. One of the key opponents of the changes in worship was Alexander Henderson (who came from Fife and had previously served as minister at Leuchars). Henderson helped draw up the National Covenant – a document in which Scots expressed their opposition to alterations to the Church of Scotland.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1638]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[09/08/2021 11:44:04 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[176]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/366">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A woodcut showing protestors objecting to Archbishop Spottiswoode's efforts to introduce the Scottish Prayer Book. (Credit: Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/365">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1606	Restrictions on Bishops Removed]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[As he grew older King James VI became opposed to the relatively democratic government of the Church of Scotland. He had bitter disputes with what he termed the ‘fiery ministers’ of the General Assembly. The king believed that Presbyterianism led to disorder and the undermining of royal authority. As a result he campaigned for the reintroduction of bishops to Scotland – a policy which was backed by the Scottish Parliament in July 1606. James VI’s religious policies were resisted by some residents of Fife. In the autumn of 1606 the St Andrews academic Andrew Melville was sent to the Tower of London for criticising James VI’s changes to the Church. ]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1606]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[09/08/2021 11:31:52 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[175]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/364">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[An anonymous engraving of King James VI and I. (Credit: National Galleries of Scotland)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/363">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1601	General Assembly at Burntisland Proposes a New Translation of the Bible]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Reading the Bible formed a vital part of Protestant religious activity. In particular Protestants believed that people should have access to the Bible in their native language. Yet there were significant problems with many of the early translations of the Bible into English. In 1601 a meeting of the General Assembly at the Fife parish of Burntisland suggested the commissioning of an improved translation of the Scriptures. This proposal received the backing of the Scottish King James VI who implemented the scheme after he became ruler of England in 1603. The resulting translation is often called the King James Bible, and was for many centuries the main version of the Scriptures used in English-speaking countries.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1601]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[09/08/2021 11:23:27 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[174]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/362">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Burntisland Parish Church was one of the first churches built in Fife after the Reformation. It was designed for listeners to be able to focus on the preaching and formed a major departure from the traditional layout of churches. (Credit: Open Virtual Worlds / University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/361">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1592	Presbyterian Church Government Established]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The later decades of the sixteenth century saw ongoing tensions about how radical the Church of Scotland should be. Many of these arguments became focused around the question of church government. In 1592 the Scottish Parliament abolished the role of bishops – a brief victory for those Scots who wanted a more strictly Reformed version of Christianity. Instead the Scottish Church would adopt a more democratic form of church government with regional presbyteries reporting back to the General Assembly. Churches which adopt this type of administrative structure are often known as Presbyterian.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1592]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[09/08/2021 11:10:53 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[173]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/360">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[During the 1590s the Scottish Parliament usually met in St Giles' Kirk in Edinburgh. This photograph shows St Giles' in the 1870s. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/359">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1574	Punishments Imposed for Celebrating Christmas]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[By the 1570s the Church of Scotland was adopting an increasingly hard line on religious festivals. In particular there was a campaign against celebrating Christmas (or Yule as it was often known in Scotland). At the beginning of 1574 the St Andrews Kirk Session punished a number of people that ‘observed superstitiously the said Yule day’. The kirk session ordered that anyone who ‘abstained from work’ at Christmas or any other holy day ‘except Sunday’ should be prosecuted.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1574]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[09/08/2021 11:00:52 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[172]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/358">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The family of a wine-merchant in Antwerp enjoy a celebratory meal in the 1560s. In Scotland feasting and taking time off from work at Christmas came to be a punishable offence in the years after the Reformation. (Credit: Rijksmuseum / Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/357">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1572	Protestant Bishoprics Established]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[For many years there were bitter debates about how the new Protestant Church of Scotland should be governed. In the 1560s each region had a superintendent who oversaw religious affairs and reported back to the General Assembly (an annual meeting of ministers serving in the Church of Scotland). The first superintendent of Fife was John Winram – who had previously been involved in Archbishop Hamilton’s plans for Roman Catholic reform. In the early 1570s pressure from central government led to the reintroduction of bishops to the Church of Scotland. John Douglas, an academic from St Mary’s College, was chosen as the first Protestant archbishop of St Andrews.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1572]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[09/08/2021 10:54:17 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[171]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/356">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[An eighteenth-century painting of St Mary's College in the University of St Andrews. John Douglas was for many years a member of St Mary's. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/355">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[c.1560 &ndash; 1570	Establishing a Reformed Church]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The Reformation Parliament of 1560 saw Scotland officially declared a Protestant country. However, it took time to establish the structures of a Reformed Church across the nation. Fife was at the forefront of this movement. Local church courts, known as kirk sessions, were key to imposing religious change on the wider population. The kirk sessions ensured that people attended church on Sundays, prosecuted moral lapses (such as drunkenness, adultery, and slander), and took action against religious dissenters. Holy Trinity Church in St Andrews has the earliest kirk session records in Scotland – beginning in the late summer of 1559.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1560]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[09/08/2021 10:42:51 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[170]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/354">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Holy Trinity Church in St Andrews. This image shows the church in the eighteenth century. The medieval stained glass has been removed and several windows partly blocked up to fit with Reformed ideas on church design. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/353">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Collegiate Church at Crail was reformed in June 1559, shortly before the Protestants descended on the religious capital of St Andrews. (Credit: Open Virtual Worlds / University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/352">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1559-1560	Reformation Crisis]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[In the spring and summer of 1559 Protestant activists set out to ‘reform’ Roman Catholic churches. Influenced by strict Calvinist ideas on the wickedness of ‘idols’, they smashed statues, removed altars, and burned religious books. Once churches had been ‘purged’ in this fashion the Protestants established new forms of services and church government. Cupar was one of the first places in Fife to be reformed, and Crail followed soon after. The Protestants (who called themselves ‘the Congregation’) then turned their attention to St Andrews – Scotland’s historic religious capital. In June 1559 the Protestant preacher John Knox delivered a sermon in St Andrews encouraging his listeners to ‘remove the monuments of idolatry’. Knox and his supporters proceeded to sack St Andrews Cathedral and other religious sites in the burgh. From this point onwards St Andrews was controlled by Protestants, and became a key Reformist stronghold. By the summer of 1560 Protestant forces had occupied Edinburgh and the Scottish Parliament officially rejected Roman Catholicism.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1559]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:language><![CDATA[English]]></dcterms:language>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[169]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/351">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[John Knox - one of best known Protestant preachers in Reformation Scotland. (Credit: Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/350">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[c. 1550 &ndash; 1559	Archbishop Hamilton Supports Roman Catholic Reform]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[During the 1550s a number of Roman Catholics worked to bring improvements to the Church in Scotland. Fife was at the heart of this movement, which was backed by John Hamilton, the new archbishop of St Andrews. This period saw efforts to improve the education of churchmen and to encourage better communication with lay men and women. Regular preaching was encouraged. Hamilton also supported the printing of a short summary of core Roman Catholic beliefs. This summary (or catechism) was in Scots and was meant to be read aloud in church on Sundays and holy days.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1550]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[09/04/2021 04:06:32 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[168]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/349">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The title page of Archbishop Hamilton's 'Catechism'. This was the first book ever printed in Fife. (Credit: Internet Archive)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/348">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1546	Cardinal David Beaton is Murdered]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[In the spring of 1546 the Roman Catholic archbishop of St Andrews, Cardinal David Beaton, was assassinated by a group of Fife lairds who opposed his religious and political policies. The murderers gained access to Beaton’s residence at St Andrews Castle because the gates were open for building work. The lairds killed Beaton, strung his body from the walls, then proceeded to occupy the castle for over a year. They were eventually removed by a fleet sent from France which bombarded the castle into submission.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1546]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/31/2021 11:00:31 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[167]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/347">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St Andrews Castle seen from the air. Before the Reformation the castle was the residence of the Archbishops of St Andrews. (Credit: Open Virtual Worlds / University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/346">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[c. 1525 &ndash; 1530 Lutheran Ideas Begin to Spread in Fife]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[In 1517 the German academic Martin Luther published a series of criticisms of the Roman Catholic Church. Luther’s protest rapidly developed into an international religious crisis, which would ultimately lead to the creation of the movement we now term ‘Protestantism’. By the middle of the 1520s the writings of Luther and his supporters were being smuggled into Fife. Contemporary spies record that St Andrews was one of the main ports where this ‘heretical’ literature was brought into Scotland.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1525]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/31/2021 10:42:25 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[166]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/345">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The old piers at St Andrews Harbour. In the 1520s this harbour was the focus for smuggling illicit religious publications into Scotland. (Credit: Bess Rhodes)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/344">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Crail Kilwinning]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[thechangingcoastline]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[eulac3d]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Geolocated]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/343">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St. Teresa's Roman Catholic Church, Aberdour]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[In 1845 Hugh Ralph noted that one family in the parish belonged to the Roman Catholic Church, but it was not until 1971 that a RC congregation returned to Aberdour. The church was built in the Hillside area of Aberdour, close to the local school. It is no longer in active use, although when the congregation left is unclear. ]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[sacredlandscapesoffife]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[04/08/2021]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[tt27@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:references><![CDATA[(1)	New Statistical Account of Scotland (Edinburgh and London,1834-45), iv (1845), p. 718.]]></dcterms:references>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[cm x cm x cm]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Site]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[165]]></dcterms:identifier>
    <dcterms:spatial><![CDATA[current,56.05731341598046,-3.300626277487027;]]></dcterms:spatial>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/342">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St. Columba's Episcopal Church, Aberdour]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[There is some debate as to when the Episcopal Church congregation was founded in Aberdour. In 1845 Hugh Ralph noted that there was one Episcopal family in the parish, but did not mention a church. It was certainly there by 1854 when it appears on an Ordnance Survey Map, and Barbieri made a note of it in 1857. It was founded by the Moray family for their estate workers, and the congregation seems to have been boosted in the twentieth century by service families who were stationed in western Fife during, and between, the two world wars. It is currently part of the All-Soul’s group, which is a union of the congregations of churches in Inverkeithing, Burntisland and Aberdour, totalling some 150 in all.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[sacredlandscapesoffife]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1850]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[04/08/2021]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:modified><![CDATA[10/05/2023 04:20:56 pm]]></dcterms:modified>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[tt27@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:references><![CDATA[(1)	‘St Columba’s Episcopal Church, Aberdour’, Places of Worship in Scotland, Accessed 13 July 2021, http://www.scottishchurches.org.uk/sites/site/id/6107/name/St.+Columba%27s+Episcopal+Church+Aberdour+%28Dunfermline%29+Fife.
(2) About Us’, All Souls Fife, Accessed 13 July 2021, http://allsoulsfife.org.uk/about-us.html
]]></dcterms:references>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[cm x cm x cm]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Site]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[164]]></dcterms:identifier>
    <dcterms:spatial><![CDATA[current,56.05219711391964,-3.30802917436813;]]></dcterms:spatial>
    <dcterms:provenance><![CDATA[Scottish Episcopal Church]]></dcterms:provenance>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/341">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St Columba&rsquo;s Episcopal Church, Aberdour]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[tt27@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/340">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Aberdour Free Church]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Shortly after the Great Disruption in 1843, a Free Church congregation was founded in Aberdour. They opened a church, called St Colme’s, in 1845, close to the location of the old parish church. By 1848 it had a congregation of 318. In 1900 it became a United Free Church, by which point the congregation had fallen to 117, and in 1929 it re-joined the church of Scotland. In 1940 the church the congregation joined St Fillan’s and the parish church of Dalgety in a triple union, and in the 1950s the church was demolished.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[sacredlandscapesoffife]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1840]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[04/08/2021]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:modified><![CDATA[10/05/2023 04:17:03 pm]]></dcterms:modified>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[tt27@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:references><![CDATA[(1)	William Ewing, Annals of the Free Church of Scotland, 1843-1900 (Edinburgh, 1914), ii, p. 139.]]></dcterms:references>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[cm x cm x cm]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Site]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[163]]></dcterms:identifier>
    <dcterms:spatial><![CDATA[current,56.0529520208414,-3.305084109197197;]]></dcterms:spatial>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/339">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Aberdour Former Parish Church]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The location of the church so close to their country seat at Aberdour Castle had been a point of contention for the Douglas family for some time, and in 1790 they successfully closed St Fillan’s and opened a new church in Wester Aberdour. It was located close to the main road, but was considered by some observers to be too distant from some of the northern parts of the parish. The church received few additions in the relatively short time that it was in use, aside from a striking war memorial built in 1919. Following the restoration of St Fillan’s in 1926, it was converted into a church hall and continues to be well used by community groups and as a venue for local events and activities.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[sacredlandscapesoffife]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1790]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[04/08/2021]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:modified><![CDATA[10/05/2023 04:15:56 pm]]></dcterms:modified>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[tt27@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:references><![CDATA[(1)	David. W Rutherford, St. Fillan's Church, Aberdour (Aberdour, 1974),]]></dcterms:references>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[cm x cm x cm]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Site]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[162]]></dcterms:identifier>
    <dcterms:spatial><![CDATA[current,56.05377281556931,-3.302160501370964;]]></dcterms:spatial>
    <dcterms:provenance><![CDATA[Church of Scotland]]></dcterms:provenance>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/338">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Aberdour Former Parish Church Interior (before 1926).]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[tt27@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/png]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/337">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St Martha&rsquo;s Nunnery, Aberdour]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[James Douglas, earl of Morton (d.1493) founded St Martha’s hospital in Aberdour in 1474. However, by 1486 this project had not been realised, and the earl granted the lands and building to four Sisters of the Third Order of St Francis, Isobel and Jean Wright, Frances Henryson, and Jean Drossewith. The nuns of this order were generally associated with hospitals, and the convent at Aberdour was one of only two such communities in Scotland. The dedicatee, St Martha of Bethany was a biblical figure included in the gospels of Luke and John. She was the sister of Lazarus and witnessed his resurrection. In 1560 the house was disbanded, when the four remaining sisters Agnes Wrycht, Elizabeth Trumball, Margaret Crummy, and Cristina Cornawell leased their lands and buildings to James Douglas, 4th earl of Morton (d.1581).]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[sacredlandscapesoffife]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[04/08/2021]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[tt27@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:references><![CDATA[(1)	William Ross, ‘Notice of the Hospital of St Martha at Aberdour, Fife’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, volume iii (1857-60), pp. 214-220
(2)	Alison More, ‘Tertiaries and the Scottish Observance: St Martha’s Hospital in Aberdour and the Institutionalisation of the Franciscan Third Order’, Scottish Historical Review Vol. 94, No. 239, Part 2 (October 2015), 121-139
]]></dcterms:references>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[cm x cm x cm]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Site]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[161]]></dcterms:identifier>
    <dcterms:spatial><![CDATA[current,56.057181622805174,-3.295927047292935;]]></dcterms:spatial>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/336">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St Martha&rsquo;s Hospital and St Fillan&rsquo;s Well, Aberdour]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[James Douglas, 1st earl of Morton (d.1493) founded St Martha’s hospital in Aberdour in 1474. It was located close to a holy well dedicated to St Fillan whose water was believed to cure nervous ailments, blindness, and deafness. The location of the well is recorded in the name of an eighteenth-century house ‘Wellside’, located at 45-47 Main Street, Aberdour. The tradition of those with eye problems visiting the well and using its water, seems to have survived well into the modern era. Writing in the 1850s, William Ross stated that this was a practice that was within living memory. The proximity of the site to Inchcolm means that it is possible that the hospital could also have been intended to serve any pilgrims heading to that island, where an image of St Columba was the subject of miracle stories. By 1486, frustrated that the project had not been realised despite a number of endowments of lands, the earl of Morton granted the lands and building to four sisters of the Order of St Francis, and a bull of 1487 extinguished the name and rights of the hospital.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[sacredlandscapesoffife]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1470]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[04/08/2021]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:modified><![CDATA[10/05/2023 04:24:19 pm]]></dcterms:modified>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[tt27@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:references><![CDATA[(1)	Simon Taylor & Gilbert Markus, The Place-Names of Fife. Volume One. West Fife between Leven and Forth (Donington, 2006), p. 55.
(2)	William Ross, ‘Notice of the Hospital of St Martha at Aberdour, Fife’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, volume iii (1857-60), pp. 214-220]]></dcterms:references>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[cm x cm x cm]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Site]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[160]]></dcterms:identifier>
    <dcterms:spatial><![CDATA[current,56.05715766036127,-3.2960772509977687;]]></dcterms:spatial>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/335">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St Fillan&rsquo;s Church, Aberdour]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The parish church of Aberdour first appears in the records in the twelfth century when it was the subject of a dispute between a local lord, William de Mortimer, and the Augustinian canons of Inchcolm. Substantial sections of the current building almost certainly date from the that period, and it was further expanded in the fifteenth century. After the Protestant Reformation, several sections of the church were converted into burial aisles for local noble families. The location of the church so close to their country seat at Aberdour Castle had been a point of contention for the Douglas family for some time, and in 1790 they successfully closed St Fillan’s and opened a new church in Wester Aberdour. Soon after its closure, the roof was removed, and it came close to being completely demolished. Fortunately, shortly after World War I the minister, Robert Johnsone, concocted the bold plan of restoring the church. The restoration was carried out by the architect William Williamson of Kirkcaldy in time for a grand reopening on 7 July 1926. In 1940, the congregation joined the former Free Church of St Colme’s and the parish church of Dalgety in a triple union. It remains an active place of worship.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[sacredlandscapesoffife]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1170?]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[04/08/2021]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:modified><![CDATA[10/05/2023 04:21:22 pm]]></dcterms:modified>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[tt27@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:references><![CDATA[(1) D.E. Easson and A. Macdonald, eds, Charters of the abbey of Inchcolm (Scottish History Society, 3rd Series, 1938)
(2) David. W Rutherford, St. Fillan's Church, Aberdour (Aberdour, 1974),

]]></dcterms:references>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[cm x cm x cm]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Site]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[159]]></dcterms:identifier>
    <dcterms:spatial><![CDATA[current,56.05516872561129,-3.29680681184982;]]></dcterms:spatial>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/334">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St Fillan's Church, Aberdour (Source: Richard Fawcett, 2012)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[tt27@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:license><![CDATA[In Copyright (InC)]]></dcterms:license>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/333">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St Martin&rsquo;s Church, Aberdour]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The placename Eglismartin (the ‘Church of (St) Martin’) in Easter Aberdour was first recorded in the fourteenth century.  Names with the Eglis or Eccles element, short for Latin Ecclesiastes or Ecclesia (church), tend to indicate religious foundations dating back to the Pictish era (pre-900AD). By the later middle ages, when the place-name was recorded, there was no church on the site, and no other contemporary records survive to confirm its existence. However, tentative evidence that this had been the site of a church can be found in the Ordnance Survey Name Book of 1853-1855. In that survey, Mr Barr, the factor for the Inch Marton plantation, noted that a stone coffin and human bones had been found at the site some years previously.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[sacredlandscapesoffife]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[04/08/2021]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[tt27@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:references><![CDATA[(1) D.E. Easson and A. Macdonald, eds, Charters of the abbey of Inchcolm (Scottish History Society, 3rd Series, 1938), no. 33
(2) Simon Taylor & Gilbert Markus, The Place-Names of Fife. Volume One. West Fife between Leven and Forth (Donington, 2006), ]]></dcterms:references>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[cm x cm x cm]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Site]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[158]]></dcterms:identifier>
    <dcterms:spatial><![CDATA[current,56.058763111181705,-3.3071994772762996;]]></dcterms:spatial>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/332">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1730	The Glasite Church (or Kail Kirk) is Founded]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[During the 1720s the popular preacher John Glas (a graduate of the University of St Andrews and minister at Tealing near Dundee) put forward a series of radical ideas including condemning the idea of a national church and regarding communion as a ‘love feast’. He was removed as minister of Tealing in 1730 and left the Church of Scotland to found his own sect. The first Glasite church was in Dundee, but a congregation was soon set up in Kirkcaldy. Because the Glasites celebrated communion as a meal with vegetable broth they became known as the ‘Kail Kirk’ (reflecting the traditional Scots term for kale or cabbage soup).]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1730]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/03/2021 02:13:22 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[157]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/331">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Portrait of John Glas, the founder of the Glasites. (Credit: National Galleries of Scotland)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/330">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1733	The Secession Church Splits from the Church of Scotland]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Disagreements about the appointment of ministers and the role of powerful landowners as patrons led to a split in the Church of Scotland. A small group of ministers who wished for congregations to have greater control over church appointments broke away and founded the more radical Secession Church. There was considerable support for the Secession Church in Fife. Some of the break-away congregations worshipped in converted secular buildings. Others constructed their own churches, like the now demolished Bethelfield Church in Kirkcaldy.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1733]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/03/2021 02:01:29 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[156]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/329">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Newburgh was one of a number of Fife communities where people seceded from the Church of Scotland in the 1730s and 1740s. View across Newburgh and the River Tay in about 1894. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/328">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1745 &ndash; 1746	Jacobite Rising (The Forty-Five)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[In August 1745 Charles Edward Stuart (sometimes called the Young Pretender) landed on the West Coast of Scotland. His arrival triggered a far-reaching rebellion in support of the Stuart claim to the throne. In comparison to many other parts of Lowland Scotland Fife had a significant Jacobite presence. Episcopalians were particularly likely to join the Jacobites, although many Presbyterians also backed the rising.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1745]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/03/2021 01:39:41 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[155]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/327">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Prince Charles Edward Stuart, also known as the Young Pretender. Portrait by Allan Ramsey. (Credit: National Galleries of Scotland / Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/326">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1746	Increased Restrictions on Episcopalians]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Following the failed rebellion of 1745 and 1746 checks on Episcopalians increased. Episcopal ministers who failed to take an oath of loyalty were forbidden to lead services for more than four people. Episcopalians were also not allowed to be public officials or attend university.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1746]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/03/2021 11:51:57 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[154]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/325">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[During the eighteenth century many Episcopal services were adapted from the Scottish Prayer Book of 1637. Revised selections from the Prayer Book were sometimes published. These were called  'wee bookies'.  (Credit: John Dowden)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/324">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1747	The Secession Church Divides into the Burghers and Anti-Burghers]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The new Secession Church had a number of internal divisions which came to a head in the late 1740s. A particular area of disagreement concerned whether Seceders could take an oath to support the religion ‘presently professed in the country’. This oath was required of public officials, and in some Scottish burghs was demanded of all burgesses (essentially urban residents holding property over a certain value). Those congregations which accepted the oath became known as Burghers and those who rejected it were called Anti-Burghers.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1747]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/03/2021 10:10:38 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[153]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/323">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The village of Balmullo had an Anti-Burgher congregation in the 1740s. They may have met on the site of the building with a bell and a porch seen near the middle of this photograph from 1903. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/322">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1761	The Relief Church Splits from the Church of Scotland]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[During the 1750s and 1760s a dispute over the appointment of a new minister at Inverkeithing led to another split in the Church of Scotland. A group of ministers who objected to outside interference in parish appointments set up the new Relief Church. The first official meeting of the Relief Church took place at Colinsburgh. Perhaps unsurprisingly given its local origins the Relief Church soon gathered considerable support in Fife.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1761]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/02/2021 07:53:21 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[152]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/321">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The modern parish church in Colinsburgh was built by a Relief Church congregation in the nineteenth century. It was probably on this site that the Relief Church first met in the 1760s. (Credit: Richard Law / Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/320">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1778 &ndash; 1780	Protests in Support of Continuing Restrictions on Roman Catholics ]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Since the Reformation the Scottish government had banned Roman Catholic worship. In 1778 the British Parliament tried to reduce the restrictions on Roman Catholics. The proposed act caused major protests in Scotland. As a result of the popular unrest, Scotland was excluded from the new legislation, meaning that Scottish Roman Catholics continued to experience serious limits on their economic activities, choice of careers, and ability to practice their faith. Generations of discrimination meant that during the eighteenth century there were relatively few Roman Catholics in Fife.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1778]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/02/2021 07:38:00 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[151]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/319">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Bishop George Hay was the Roman Catholic leader responsible for Lowland Scotland in the late eighteenth century. In 1779 Hay's house in Edinburgh was burned during anti-Catholic protests. (Credit: G.A. Periam / Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/318">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1792	Episcopal Worship is Legalised]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Following the death of Charles Edward Stuart, the leaders of the Scottish Episcopal Church agreed to support George III. After some argument, the British Parliament removed most of the legal restrictions on Episcopalians in Scotland. Episcopal worship was now allowed, and Episcopalians could attend university. However, there remained some questions about the status of ministers in the Scottish Episcopal Church and whether clergy ordained north of the Border could work in England. ]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1792]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/02/2021 01:44:30 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[150]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/317">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St Peter's Episcopal Church in Kirkcaldy in about 1880. An Episcopal church was built in Kirkcaldy in 1811 following the lifting of restrictions in the 1790s. The building shown here was built in 1844 and demolished in the 1970s. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/316">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1793	Legal Restrictions on Roman Catholics are Reduced]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[In the early 1790s the British Parliament decided to resolve the status of Roman Catholics in Scotland. More than a decade after the harshest restrictions had been lifted on Catholics in the rest of the United Kingdom, it was agreed that Roman Catholic worship would be allowed in Scotland, and that Catholics could legally own land and join the army.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1793]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/02/2021 12:27:40 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[149]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/315">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Fife militia at Cupar in 1862. Until the 1790s Catholics were banned from serving in the county militias (which served on a part-time basis) or in the regular army. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/314">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1820	Burghers and Anti-Burghers Join Together]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[After more than seventy years of disagreement (largely focusing on the relationship between church and state) most members of the Burgher Church resolved their differences with the Anti-Burghers. They joined together as the new United Secession Church. This union resulted in some reorganisation of church buildings and congregations in Fife.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1820]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/01/2021 06:51:01 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[148]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/313">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1820	Burghers and Anti-Burghers Join Together]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[After more than seventy years of disagreement (largely focusing on the relationship between church and state) most members of the Burgher Church resolved their differences with the Anti-Burghers. They joined together as the new United Secession Church. This union resulted in some reorganisation of church buildings and congregations in Fife.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1820]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:language><![CDATA[English]]></dcterms:language>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[147]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/312">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Linktown Church in Kirkcaldy stands on the site of an eighteenth-century Burgher Church. For many years Kirkcaldy was a focal point for religious dissent. (Credit: Kilnburn / Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/311">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1829	Catholic Emancipation]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[In 1829 the British Parliament passed legislation lifting most restrictions on Roman Catholics. Among other new freedoms, Roman Catholics were now allowed to vote and become members of Parliament. Over the course of the nineteenth century the Roman Catholic presence in Fife grew, largely as a result of immigration from Ireland.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1829]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[08/01/2021 06:28:04 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[146]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/310">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Duke of Wellington backed Catholic emancipation in 1829. As prime minister he helped steer the legislation through parliament and put pressure on George IV to agree to the reforms. (Credit: English Heritage / Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/png]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/309">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Thomas Chalmers was the first moderator of the Free Church. This portrait was by the pioneering photographers David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson who set out to record the likenesses of the ministers at the Disruption Assembly. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/308">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1843	The Great Disruption in the Church of Scotland]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[For more than a century there had been divisions in the Church of Scotland over how appointments were made and the relationship between church and state. A series of legal cases in the 1830s worsened relations between the growing evangelical wing of the Church of Scotland and less radical ministers who accepted the right of the government to interfere in religious affairs. In 1843, following bitter argument, 121 ministers walked out of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. The break-away ministers set up the new Free Church of Scotland. Free Church congregations sprang up across Fife, leading to the construction of a large number of new churches.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1843]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:language><![CDATA[English]]></dcterms:language>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[145]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/307">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Thomas Chalmers was a leading evangelical minister and academic. Following the Great Disruption he became the first moderator of the Free Church. This portrait was by the pioneering photographers David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson who set out to record the likenesses of the ministers at the Disruption Assembly. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/306">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1847	The United Secession Church and the Relief Church Join Together]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[While the Church of Scotland was splitting again, some groups of seceders were joining together. In 1847 the United Secession Church and the Relief Church combined to form the United Presbyterian Church. The United Presbyterians had considerable support in Fife.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1847]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:language><![CDATA[English]]></dcterms:language>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[144]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/305">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St John's Church in Inverkeithing has its origins in an eighteenth-century burgher congregation. In 1847 the congregation of St John's joined the United Presbyterians. The congregation later became Church of Scotland. The building now serves as the parish church for Inverkeithing. (Credit: Graeme Smith / Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/304">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1864	Removal of Restrictions on Episcopal Clergy]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[For some decades there had been debates about the fact that clergy ordained by Scottish Episcopal bishops could not legally be appointed to positions in the Church of England. In 1864 this ban was overturned, ending official government discrimination against Episcopalians. This was a time when Episcopal congregations were growing and many new churches were built in Fife. At the end of the 1860s the Episcopalians in St Andrews constructed a large new church with room for 600 worshippers.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1864]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[07/30/2021 11:08:23 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[143]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/303">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St Andrew's Episcopal Chapel on North Street in St Andrews in about 1865. Not long after this photograph was taken the episcopal congregation moved to a larger church on Queen's Terrace which is still in use today. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/302">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1874	Lay Patronage Abolished in the Church of Scotland]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Since the early 1700s the role of lay patrons in church appointments had been a major cause of discontent in the Church of Scotland, and had triggered several splits in the church. In 1874 the British Parliament agreed that Church of Scotland congregations should have the right to choose their own ministers, rather than powerful landowners making appointments to parishes.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1874]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[07/30/2021 10:56:39 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[142]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/301">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The United Free Church in Newport in about 1903. This church was one of several founded in the nineteenth century by congregations who broke away from their traditional parish churches over the question of lay patronage. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/300">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Income]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[income]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[eulac3d]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Sound]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/299">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Housing]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[housing]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[eulac3d]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Geolocated]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/298">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Health]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[health]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[eulac3d]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Geolocated]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/297">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Employment]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[employment]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[eulac3d]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Geolocated]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/296">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Education]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[education]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[eulac3d]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Geolocated]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/295">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Crime]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[crime]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[eulac3d]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Geolocated]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/294">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Access]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[access]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[eulac3d]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Geolocated]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/293">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1878	Restoration of Scotland&rsquo;s Roman Catholic Hierarchy]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[As discrimination against Roman Catholics reduced, the Papacy decided to re-establish a traditional church hierarchy in Scotland. Six Roman Catholic dioceses were created. Except for Glasgow, all the new dioceses were subject to the Archbishop of St Andrews and Edinburgh.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1878]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[07/29/2021 06:41:17 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[141]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/292">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Bishop John Strain - the first Archbishop of St Andrews and Edinburgh after the Roman Catholic hierarchy was reintroduced to Scotland. (Credit: Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/291">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1887	The University of St Andrews Celebrates Christmas]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[For several centuries the University of St Andrews had not celebrated Christmas. However, in 1887 the university decided to have a communal Christmas dinner at St Mary’s College. The menu included hare soup, roast beef, and plum pudding.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1887]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[07/29/2021 06:22:02 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[140]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/290">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Christmas dinner at St Mary's was part of a wider effort to revive ceremonies associated with dining at the University of St Andrews. Sung graces and blessings were also reintroduced - as seen in this setting composed for the university by Sir Alastair Campbell Mackenzie in 1894. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/289">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1900	The United Presbyterian Church and the Free Church of Scotland Join Together]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries had seen several groups leave the Church of Scotland. In 1900 two of the largest of these break-away denominations joined together. Following several years of negotiations, the majority of members of the Free Church of Scotland joined with the United Presbyterian Church. Together they created the United Free Church of Scotland.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1900]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[07/29/2021 06:10:13 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[139]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/288">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The United Free Church in Leuchars in 1903. This church was built in the 1890s for a Free Church congregation. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/287">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1914 &ndash; 1918	First World War]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Thousands of Fife residents served in the armed forces during the First World War. Many were killed. After the war communities across Fife put up memorials to the dead. These war memorials are frequently located in churches. Others are free-standing, but often still take the shape of a cross. Fife churches also became the scene of Armistice Day commemorations where the sacrifices made in wartime are remembered.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1914]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[07/29/2021 11:23:45 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[138]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/286">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Local dignitaries place crosses in the ground outside Holy Trinity Church in St Andrews on Armistice Day in 1936. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/285">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1921	The Church of Scotland Act is Passed]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[After centuries of the controversy about the relationship between church and state, the British Parliament passed the Church of Scotland Act. This gave the Church of Scotland freedom to decide spiritual matters and church appointments without government interference. The new legislation resolved some of the bitter debates which had divided many Fife communities in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1921]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[07/29/2021 11:14:03 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[137]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/284">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Houses of Parliament at Westminster in 1919. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/283">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1929	The United Free Church and the Church of Scotland Join Together]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[At a joint assembly in Edinburgh the United Free Church agreed to merge with the Church of Scotland. This meant that many places in Fife now had multiple Church of Scotland congregations. Some continued as independent congregations, but others amalgamated. As a result a number of former church buildings were converted. Several Fife churches became halls or other community spaces.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1929]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[07/29/2021 10:59:12 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[136]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/282">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Hope Park Church in St Andrews in about 1860. Hope Park was one of many United Free Church congregations to join the Church of Scotland in 1929. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/281">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1939 &ndash; 1945	Second World War]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[During the Second World War the armed forces expanded and many people moved around the country. New places of worship were established in Fife for service personnel from Britain and overseas. A significant number of Polish troops were stationed in Fife, leading to a growth in Catholic congregations in the area.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1939]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[07/29/2021 08:43:53 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[135]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/280">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A naval inspection at Crail Aerodrome in about 1940. Early in the Second World War a chapel was built at Crail Airfield for the service personnel. (Credit: George Cowie / University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/279">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1958	Christmas Becomes a Public Holiday]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries Presbyterian opposition to Christmas reduced. In 1958 Christmas became a public holiday in Scotland. Increasingly Fife’s Church of Scotland congregations held special services for Christmas Day.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1958]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[07/29/2021 08:28:39 am]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[134]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/278">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Christmas party in St Andrews in 1947. Father Christmas is dressed in the traditional red gown worn by St Andrews undergraduates. (Credit: George Cowie / University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/277">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[1962 &ndash; 1965	Second Vatican Council]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The Second Vatican Council (held in the Vatican in Rome) sought to modernise Roman Catholicism. It agreed major changes to Roman Catholic worship. One of the most notable alterations was ending the use of Latin for ordinary services. The interiors of several Roman Catholic churches in Fife were remodelled following the Second Vatican Council to align with new policies on how the Mass should be celebrated.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[timelineoffifesreli]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[1962]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[07/28/2021 09:08:29 pm]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[egsr@st-andrews.ac.uk]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Event]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[133]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/276">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[St Paul's Roman Catholic Church in Glenrothes in 1962. St Paul's was one of several new Roman Catholic churches built in Fife during the mid-twentieth century. (Credit: University of St Andrews)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/275">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Cardinal Gray's coat of arms on a window in St Mary's Cathedral in Edinburgh. (Credit: Sheila1988 / Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://sacredlandscapes.org/omeka/items/show/274">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Townhill village on the edge of Dunfermline. (Credit: The Majestic Fool / Wikimedia)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:contributor><![CDATA[Bess Rhodes]]></dcterms:contributor>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[image/jpeg]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Still Image]]></dcterms:type>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>